The first five years of life are a period of incredible growth in all areas of a child’s development. Social and emotional development includes the child’s experience, expression and management of their emotions, and the ability to establish positive and rewarding relationships with others.
Newborn
Shows feelings by crying.
Uses face and body to show you how he/she is feeling.
Shows interest in watching your face.
Quiets in response to your touch.
1 Month
Shows feelings by crying.
Shows interest in watching your face.
Quiets in response to touch.
2 Months
Shows feelings by crying or smiling.
Begins to smile at parent.
Follows parent with eyes.
3 Months
Quiets to familiar voice or touch.
Smiles at people.
Enjoys being hugged and cuddled.
4 Months
Smiles spontaneously, especially at people.
Shows excitement by waving arms and legs.
Calms and stops crying when comforted (most of the time).
Enjoys playing with people and imitating smiles and frowns.
6 Months
Knows familiar faces and begins to know if someone is a stranger.
Enjoys playing with others, especially family (such as “peek-a-boo”).
Likes to look at self in mirror.
Responds to other people’s emotions and often seems happy.
Makes sounds to express happiness or displeasure.
9 Months
Shows feelings by smiling, crying and pointing.
Prefers certain toys.
Clings to familiar adults.
Cries when parent leaves and is shy around strangers.
Responds to own name.
12 Months
Prefers certain people and toys.
Imitates sounds, gestures or actions to get parent's attention.
Cries when parent leaves and is shy around strangers.
Puts arm or leg out to help with dressing.
Enjoys playing games like “peek-a-boo” and “pat-a-cake.”
18 Months
Shows interest in other children.
Plays simple pretend, such as feeding a baby.
Imitates your behavior.
Tries new things with familiar adults nearby.
Hands things to others as part of play.
Shows feelings, for example, temper tantrums, fear of strangers, affection with familiar people or clinging to a familiar adult in new situations.
Points to show things to others.
2 Years
Plays briefly beside other children, and gets excited when with other children.
Imitates others, especially adults and older children.
Shows more and more independence.
Shows defiance, such as doing what he/she was told not to do.
Begins to play with other children, as in chasing one another.
3 Years
Shows concern and affection for others without prompting.
Copies adults and friends (for example, runs when other children run).
Takes turns in games.
Separates easily from parents.
Shows a wide range of feelings.
Enjoys routines and may get upset with a major change.
Dresses and undresses self.
Enjoys helping with simple household tasks.
Verbalizes toilet needs and may be toilet trained during the day.
4 Years
Plays cooperatively with other children.
Negotiates solutions to conflicts.
Prefers playing with other children than playing alone.
Enjoys doing new things.
Becomes more creative in make-believe play.
Confuses what’s real and what’s make-believe.
Expresses likes and dislikes.
Seeks new experiences.
5 Years
Wants to please friends.
Wants to be like friends.
Agrees to rules more easily.
Likes to sing, dance and act.
Knows the difference between fantasy and reality.
Knows who is a boy or girl.
Expresses likes and dislikes.
Shows increasing independence.
Seeks new experiences.
Demonstrates both demanding and cooperative behaviors.